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Sequence, cause and comparison: reading practice set 3

Keep track of the order of events, the stated reason for an outcome, and the feature being compared. This set contains 12 original Paragraph Comprehension exercises.

Test Ninjas Research · Updated September 29, 2026

Choose a different reading skill · Jump to the practice questions

What you will learn

  • Distinguish “happened before” from “caused.”
  • Compare two methods using the same stated feature.

A method you can repeat

  1. List the steps or events in order.
  2. Find language that explicitly connects a cause to an effect.
  3. For a comparison, check that both sides discuss the same feature and conditions.

Worked example: follow the evidence

Read: The team first moved the storage cabinet and then replaced a damaged hose. A later inspection found no leak. The report attributed the repair to the new hose and noted that moving the cabinet had simply made the hose easier to reach.

According to the report, why did the leak stop?

Supported answer: The damaged hose was replaced.

Why it fits: The report identifies the new hose as the repair. Moving the cabinet was an earlier step that provided access, not the stated cause of the leak stopping.

Tempting wrong answer: Moving the cabinet stopped the leak.

Why it fails: The cabinet was moved before the successful inspection, but order alone does not establish cause. The passage gives a more specific explanation.

Before each answer: Ask: “Does the passage say this caused the result, or only that it happened first?”

Sequence, cause and comparison questions and explanations

Work through one question at a time. Explain your approach, check the worked answer, then move on. Use scratch paper for calculations.

0 of 12 checked · 0 correct.

Progress is saved in this browser. These original study questions do not produce an official AFQT score.

Question 1: Sequence and cause

Question 1 · Sequence and cause · medium

The letter was written in 1912 and remained with the recipient’s family for several decades. In 1968, a collector bought it with a group of family papers. The collector lent it to a local exhibition in 1981 but took it back afterward. In 2004, the archive acquired the collector’s papers, including the letter. Its display label gives both 1912 and 2004, identifying the first as the date of writing and the second as the date the archive received it.

Which sequence correctly describes the letter’s ownership before and including its arrival at the archive?

Choose an answer for question 1
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: A. The recipient’s family, then the collector, then the archive.

The purchase and later acquisition mark ownership transfers; the intervening exhibition loan does not create a new owner. The exhibition receives a temporary loan, not ownership; the collector takes the letter back. This reverses the stated transfer sequence. The collector buys the letter from the family papers after its earlier family custody, not before it.

Question 2: Sequence and cause

Question 2 · Sequence and cause · medium

Rainwater collected in a shallow hollow beside the field. Over the next two mornings, I watched birds come down to drink there, and several returned after bathing at its edge. The hollow gradually dried during the following warm days. Once it was empty, I saw fewer birds stop at that particular spot, although they continued moving through the surrounding grass. I had recorded only this one hollow during this short period, so my notes do not describe the birds’ use of every water source nearby.

Which relationship is best supported by the observations?

Choose an answer for question 2
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: C. Visits to this spot were associated with the temporary availability of water there.

Drinking and bathing while water was present, followed by fewer stops when it disappeared, support a limited local association rather than a claim about all birds or water sources. Birds continued moving through the surrounding grass. The observer did not examine all nearby water sources or establish dependence by every bird. Rain filled the hollow before the described visits; the observations do not support that reversed cause.

Question 3: Sequence and cause

Question 3 · Sequence and cause · medium

Lio saw a covered wagon stop outside the closed theater. He told Nessa only that a wagon had arrived. Nessa assumed it held scenery and told a neighbor that new stage sets were being delivered. The neighbor, knowing that the theater had been quiet for months, announced that a play would open the next week. When Lio heard this version, he asked who had seen the sets or spoken to the performers. No one in the chain had done either.

Which detail belongs to the original observation rather than a later assumption?

Choose an answer for question 3
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: A. A covered wagon stopped outside the closed theater.

The wagon’s arrival is what Lio actually sees; its cargo and the supposed performance schedule enter during retelling. Nessa supplies that assumption without inspecting the contents. The neighbor adds the opening claim, and no one has spoken to performers. The observation establishes neither a play nor its readiness.

Question 4: Sequence and cause

Question 4 · Sequence and cause · medium

For years, Ada believed her brother had missed her speech at the family picnic. While sorting photographs, she found one showing him seated behind a tree at the edge of the listening group. At the front of the same picture, Ada stood holding her pages; the caption identified the moment as her speech. She looked again at the letter in which she had accused him of walking away. That evening she wrote to ask whether she might visit and explain why she now regretted sending it.

What most directly prompted Ada to reconsider her accusation?

Choose an answer for question 4
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: B. A photograph showed her brother among the listeners during her speech.

The photograph connects her brother’s presence with the speech itself, giving Ada evidence against her earlier belief and prompting the later request to visit. Her brother makes no request to destroy photographs. She is only asking to visit, and the passage says nothing about the letter being lost. The picture and its caption identify Ada giving the speech, not its absence.

Question 5: Sequence and cause

Question 5 · Sequence and cause · medium

To make a small vest from the old coat, Elin opened the seams and spread the panels flat. She marked worn areas that could not go into the new garment, then measured the sound cloth between them. Only after that did she choose among three vest patterns. The largest would have fitted the wearer loosely, but its front piece crossed a damaged patch. She selected the next size and placed each pattern piece wholly inside a marked sound area before cutting. The unused fragments went into a separate basket.

Why does Elin inspect and measure the coat panels before choosing a pattern?

Choose an answer for question 5
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: B. The usable portions of the old cloth determine which pattern pieces can fit without including damage.

The rejected front piece crosses a damaged patch, so the inspection and measurements provide the constraints needed for choosing and placing a usable pattern. Measuring establishes usable dimensions; no step repairs the damaged patches. She has already opened the seams before choosing a pattern. The decision concerns fitting intact pieces, while the scraps are merely set aside afterward.

Question 6: Sequence and cause

Question 6 · Sequence and cause · medium

Before ordering the metal panel, Sana folded a paper version along the planned lines and fitted it into the small display case. One corner struck the case wall when she tried to open the folded flap. She trimmed and refolded the paper until the flap moved freely, then transferred the revised outline to her order drawing. The final panel followed that drawing. The discarded paper pieces remained beside the first sketch, showing several shapes she had been able to try without remaking a metal part each time.

What role does the paper model play in the sequence?

Choose an answer for question 6
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: D. It reveals and allows correction of a fit problem before the metal panel is made.

The paper flap’s collision leads to a revised outline before ordering, so the model makes correction possible at an earlier stage. The obstruction appears during the paper trial, before the revised order drawing. Sana transfers the revised outline to an order drawing. The trial causes trimming, refolding and revision of the outline.

Question 7: Sequence and cause

Question 7 · Sequence and cause · easy

The vessel began service carrying sacks and crates between river towns. Years later, its hold was refitted with seats and windows, and it carried passengers on short excursions. When that service ended, a training club acquired the same hull and used it for lessons at the dock. An old nameplate remained attached through all three uses. The display beside the vessel traces these changes rather than presenting the current training arrangement as its original purpose.

Which sequence of uses matches the passage?

Choose an answer for question 7
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: A. Cargo transport, passenger excursions, dockside training.

The original cargo work comes before the passenger refit, and the training club acquires the vessel only after passenger service ends. Cargo transport precedes the refit for passengers. Training is the final use, and cargo transport is the first. Passenger service ends before the training club acquires the hull.

Question 8: Sequence and cause

Question 8 · Sequence and cause · medium

At dawn, I watched a dog cross the damp sand beside the shed. Its paws left a line of shallow prints that were difficult to distinguish from where I stood. A dry breeze rose later, blowing pale dust across the clearing. Some dust caught along the prints’ edges, and by noon I could see their outlines from the gate. I had seen no second crossing. In my notebook I drew the morning track beside a second sketch showing the pale border that appeared afterward.

What accounts for the prints becoming easier to see?

Choose an answer for question 8
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: B. Later dust emphasized the edges of impressions that the dog had already made.

The passage separates the earlier formation of the paw prints from the later deposit that made their edges more conspicuous. The dog’s crossing and impressions are observed before the later breeze and dust. The account reports no second crossing and identifies dust along the existing edges. The dust arrived after the dog had already crossed, so it cannot explain that earlier route choice.

Question 9: Sequence and cause

Question 9 · Sequence and cause · hard

At the end of the drawing session, two sheets showed much the same outline of the bracket. Neri had kept her eye at a marked position and traced the outline visible through a transparent panel. Pavel had walked around the bracket, measured several lengths, and used those measurements to place points on his paper. Neither student saw the other’s sheet until both were finished. The teacher laid the results side by side but kept the transparent panel and Pavel’s page of measurements on the table. When a visitor called the sheets duplicate tracings, she asked him to look at those other materials before deciding how the drawings had been made.

Why are the panel and the measurement notes relevant to the teacher’s comparison?

Choose an answer for question 9
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: A. They show that similar finished outlines resulted from different ways of obtaining and placing information.

The panel records Neri’s fixed-view tracing process while the notes record Pavel’s measurement-based construction, evidence that the appearance of the final sheets alone cannot identify the method. The students did not see each other’s sheets until completion, and their separate methods are described. The passage does not identify inaccurate portions or provide a standard proving either drawing wrong. Only Neri keeps her eye at a marked position; Pavel moves around and uses measured lengths.

Question 10: Sequence and cause

Question 10 · Sequence and cause · medium

Before sewing the booklet, Ivo turned through its loose folded groups. The reading jumped from page eight to page seventeen, and at first he blamed the printer. He then found the group containing pages nine through sixteen at the back of the stack. Within that group, every page followed the previous one correctly. He moved the whole group between pages eight and seventeen and turned through the booklet again. The numbering now continued without a jump. He had changed neither the printing nor the folds when he set the reordered groups beside the thread.

What explains why moving the group corrects the problem?

Choose an answer for question 10
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: C. The pages had been printed in their proper groups, but one complete group occupied the wrong position.

The intact sequence inside the misplaced group and the restored sequence after moving it identify arrangement, rather than printing or sewing, as the source of the jump. No printing changes; the correction is a change in the group’s position. Those pages are found together at the back of the stack. The corrected numbering is checked before the reordered groups are placed beside the thread for sewing.

Question 11: Sequence and cause

Question 11 · Sequence and cause · hard

At the ferry gate, Ellis discovered that his ticket was missing. He had made three stops on the way there. The bakery came immediately after the clock shop, and the flower stall was his final stop before the gate. To search, he retraced those three stops in the reverse of his outward order. The first shopkeeper he asked had seen nothing. At his second search stop, a woman helped him check the counter without success. Only at the last place he revisited did Ellis find the ticket beside the small parcel he had collected there earlier. He then went straight back to the ferry gate.

Which list gives Ellis’s search stops in order and identifies where he found the ticket?

Choose an answer for question 11
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: B. Flower stall, bakery, clock shop; he found it at the clock shop.

The outward relations establish clock shop, bakery, then flower stall. Reversing them gives the search order, and the last revisited place is therefore the clock shop. This follows the outward order rather than the explicitly reversed search order. The bakery immediately followed the clock shop outward, so it must precede the clock shop on the reversed search. This gives the search order correctly but places the find at the second stop, where the search was unsuccessful.

Question 12: Sequence and cause

Question 12 · Sequence and cause · medium

The potter used the same clay and blue glaze for a handled cup and a low, wide bowl. For a table display, she placed a narrow bundle of dry stems in the cup, where the sides held it upright. She spread smooth pebbles across the bowl so their markings could be seen side by side. Neither arrangement used water. A visitor recognized the matching glaze, then noticed how differently the two forms presented their contents. The potter left both arrangements beside the unused clay.

What distinction between the two objects is demonstrated?

Choose an answer for question 12
Worked answer and explanation

Answer: C. Their shapes support different arrangements even though their clay and glaze are the same.

The cup’s sides gather the stems upright, while the bowl’s width displays pebbles next to one another; the materials remain constant. The passage states that they were made from the same clay. These roles are reversed: the cup holds the stems upright and the bowl spreads the pebbles. The same glaze coexists with different shapes and different ways of presenting the contents.

After this set: choose one missed answer and name the exact mistake: an added assumption, a lost condition, a detail mistaken for the main idea, or another mismatch with the text. Explain the correction in your own words before trying the next set.