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Guide 11 of 31

SAT words about difficulty and complexity.

45 words the Digital SAT draws on when a passage turns to difficulty and complexity — each with its part of speech, a plain-English definition, and an example sentence showing how it behaves in context.

45 words · Free PDF · No account needed

Vocabulary on the Digital SAT is tested in context, not in isolation: a Words in Context question hands you a sentence with a blank and four plausible-looking candidates, and the winner is the one whose shade of meaning fits. Studying words in a meaning-group like this one is the fastest way to build that discrimination — you learn difficulty and complexity as a spectrum rather than as 45 unrelated definitions.

Read the definition, then the example sentence. Say the word aloud. Come back to this theme a few days later and cover the definitions — recalling a word cold is what fixes it, and rereading it is not.

The 45 words

Alphabetical. Everything in the Difficulty & Complexity guide.

001
abstruseadjective

difficult to understand; obscure

The philosopher's abstruse writings challenged scholars.

002
accessibleadjective

easy to approach, reach, or use

The new building design makes all facilities accessible to people with disabilities.

003
arcaneadjective

understood by few; mysterious or secret

The arcane rituals were known only to initiates.

004
arduousadjective

requiring great effort; difficult and tiring

The arduous climb to the mountain summit took twelve hours.

005
arduousadjective

involving strenuous effort; difficult

The arduous journey tested their endurance.

006
awkwardadjective

causing difficulty or discomfort; clumsy

There was an awkward silence after the controversial comment.

007
bewilderingadjective

confusing or perplexing

The bewildering array of options overwhelmed shoppers.

008
byzantineadjective

excessively complicated and difficult to understand

The byzantine regulations confused everyone.

009
complexitynoun

the state of having many interconnected parts

The complexity of the issue requires careful analysis.

010
complicateverb

to make something more difficult or complex

Additional requirements will only complicate the approval process.

011
complicatedadjective

consisting of many interconnecting parts; difficult to understand

The instructions were too complicated for most users to follow.

012
convolutedadjective

extremely complex and difficult to follow

The convoluted plot confused many readers.

013
dauntingadjective

seeming difficult to deal with

The daunting task required months of work.

014
delicateadjective

easily broken or damaged; requiring careful handling

The delicate porcelain vase required extra padding during shipping.

015
demandingadjective

requiring much skill, effort, or attention

Medical school is a demanding program that requires years of dedication.

016
easilyadverb

without difficulty or effort; readily

She easily solved the puzzle that had stumped everyone else.

017
effortlessadjective

requiring no physical or mental effort

Her effortless grace impressed the judges.

018
elementaryadjective

relating to the basic elements; simple

The course covers elementary principles of chemistry.

019
elusiveadjective

difficult to find, catch, or achieve; hard to remember or define

The elusive butterfly evaded capture despite our best efforts.

020
esotericadjective

intended for or understood by only a few

The lecture covered esoteric topics in physics.

021
facileadjective

appearing easy or effortless; superficial or oversimplified

His facile explanation failed to address the complexity of the issue.

022
facileadjective

easily achieved; superficial

His facile explanations ignored the real complexity.

023
feasibleadjective

possible and practical to accomplish; likely to succeed

The engineers determined that the project was technically feasible.

024
formidableadjective

inspiring fear or respect through being impressively powerful

The team faced a formidable opponent.

025
grappleverb

to struggle or wrestle with something; to try to deal with a difficult problem

Scientists continue to grapple with the complexities of climate change.

026
gruelingadjective

extremely tiring and demanding

The grueling training program lasted six months.

027
incompleteadjective

not having all the necessary parts; unfinished

The application was rejected because it was incomplete.

028
insurmountableadjective

too great to be overcome; impossible to surmount

The team faced seemingly insurmountable obstacles but persevered.

029
insurmountableadjective

too great to be overcome

The obstacles seemed insurmountable at first.

030
intricateadjective

very complicated or detailed; having many interconnected parts

The watchmaker carefully assembled the intricate mechanism.

031
intricateadjective

very complicated or detailed

The intricate design took months to complete.

032
labyrinthineadjective

like a labyrinth; complicated and confusing

The labyrinthine bureaucracy frustrated applicants.

033
nuancedadjective

characterized by subtle distinctions or variations

The debate requires a nuanced understanding of both sides of the issue.

034
onerousadjective

involving heavy obligation; burdensome

The onerous regulations made business difficult.

035
perplexingadjective

causing confusion or bewilderment

The perplexing puzzle took hours to solve.

036
reconditeadjective

dealing with obscure subject matter

The recondite references went over most readers' heads.

037
rudimentaryadjective

involving or limited to basic principles; at an early stage of development

He has only a rudimentary understanding of computer programming.

038
rudimentaryadjective

involving basic principles; elementary

He had only rudimentary knowledge of the subject.

039
simpleadjective

easily understood or done; not elaborate or complicated

The instructions were simple enough for anyone to follow.

040
simplyadverb

in a straightforward or plain manner; merely; just

I simply wanted to help, nothing more.

041
sophisticatedadjective

having refined worldly knowledge; highly developed and complex

The sophisticated technology allows for precise measurements.

042
straightforwardadjective

uncomplicated and easy to understand; honest and direct

The solution to the problem was surprisingly straightforward.

043
straightforwardadjective

easy to understand; uncomplicated

The instructions were straightforward and easy to follow.

044
strugglingverb/adjective

striving to achieve something in the face of difficulty

Many small businesses are struggling to survive.

045
taxingadjective

physically or mentally demanding

The taxing work schedule left her exhausted.

Prefer paper? The printable Difficulty & Complexity guide adds a memory cue to every entry, ready to print — 38 of the 45 words on this page. For the alphabetical master list, see the SAT vocabulary list; to be quizzed on these words instead of reading them, use the vocabulary trainer or try some Words in Context practice.

31 themes down, one test to go.

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